Pigmentation can be triggered by sun exposure, hormonal changes, inflammation, and certain medications. Sun damage, on the other hand, results from prolonged UV exposure, leading to dark spots, uneven skin tone, and premature ageing.

Wearing a broad-spectrum SPF daily, avoiding excessive sun exposure, and incorporating antioxidants like Vitamin C can help prevent pigmentation. Protective clothing and seeking shade also play a crucial role in preventing sun damage.

Yes, pigmentation can be treated with targeted skincare ingredients such as Vitamin C, niacinamide, and retinol, as well as professional treatments like chemical peels, laser therapy, and microneedling.

Inflammation from acne, injuries, or skin conditions can trigger excess melanin production, leading to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Managing inflammation early can help reduce the risk of dark spots.